Abstract:
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but life-threatening cardiac condition. Healthcare-associated infective endocarditis (HAIE) is an emerging subtype that occurs more than 48 hours after hospital admission, often following invasive procedures. Its occurrence in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is not uncommon. Prosthetic valve endocarditis may also be healthcare-associated (HA-PVE) when it develops within one year of valve...
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