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• Open Access Article Economics

  13 Pages Download PDF: Social Capital and Saving Behavior in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Amhara National Regional State

  Social Capital and Saving Behavior in Ethiopia: Evidence from the Amhara National Regional State

  Fentahun Admassu Yayeh, Wondaferahu Mulugeta Demissie

  2024-10-04 https://doi.org/10.36923/iefrontiers.v28i1.254

  The paper analyzes the impact of social capital on the saving behavior of members of financial cooperatives in the Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Explanatory and mixed research methods were employed using a cross-sectional study of 348 stratified and randomly selected financial cooperative members. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and personal interviews. The data was further analyzed using Probit regression and multiple linear regression models. Three types of social capital dimensions:cognitive, relational, and structuralwere operationalized and measured in terms of members' understanding of shared mission and goals, cooperation, and trust. The results revealed strong evidence that the dimensions of social capital affect the amount of savings and the decision to save voluntarily in a way that yields a return. Our findings suggest that structural and relational social capital, particularly through formal networks, effectively increase both the amount saved and the decision to save. However, the lack of cognitive social capital does not encourage saving behavior. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen the dimensions of trustworthiness, cooperation, and understanding of the shared mission and goals within financial cooperatives. This can be achieved through efficient service delivery, financial workshops, and training programs to guide members toward suitable saving instruments

  pp. 01-13 Abstract views:767 Downloads:458

• Open Access Article Economics

  10 Pages Download PDF: An Asymmetrical Relationship Between Oil Price Fluctuations And Geopolitical Tensions Between China And The United States

  An Asymmetrical Relationship Between Oil Price Fluctuations And Geopolitical Tensions Between China And The United States

  Abdelkader Mohamed Sghaier Derbali

  2026-02-24 https://doi.org/10.36923/ie-frontiers.v29i1.408

  Oil remains a strategic asset at the heart of contemporary geopolitical rivalries. China’s rise to become the world’s largest importer and the United States’ transformation into a major producer and exporter have profoundly altered the energy balance of power, reinforcing the interdependence between oil markets and bilateral geopolitical tensions. This article examines the existence and nature of an asymmetric relationship between oil price fluctuations and geopolitical tensions between China and the United States, distinguishing the effects of price increases and decreases and their dependence on risk regimes. The analysis is based on monthly data covering 2000–2024 and employs a nonlinear econometric approach that combines an NARDL model for asymmetric cointegration, a Quantile VAR (QVAR) model to capture conditional effects by risk level, and an EGARCH model to analyze the asymmetric transmission of geopolitical uncertainty to oil volatility. The results show that rising oil prices significantly intensify Sino-American geopolitical tensions, while falling prices have a weaker and less persistent effect. This asymmetry is particularly pronounced during periods of high international instability. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions significantly increase oil price volatility, with a leverage effect indicating that negative geopolitical shocks have a disproportionate impact on energy markets. These results suggest that the asymmetry in the oil-geopolitical transmission reflects differentiated energy vulnerabilities and distinct strategic behaviors between China and the United States. The study underscores the importance of oil as a vector of asymmetric interdependence and as an amplifier of international tensions, with major implications for energy security policies, financial market stability, and global energy governance.

  pp. 01-10 Abstract views:790 Downloads:685

• Open Access Article Economics Digital Economy

  16 Pages Download PDF: From Peg to Float: Economic and Political Implications of the Ethiopian Birr Flotation

  From Peg to Float: Economic and Political Implications of the Ethiopian Birr Flotation

  Fentahun Admassu Yayeh

  2025-04-16 https://doi.org/10.36923/iefrontiers.v28i1.286

  The adoption of a floating exchange rate system constitutes a pivotal economic policy decision that both reflects and influences a nation’s broader political economy. The flotation of the Ethiopian Birr (ETB) marks a substantial shift in Ethiopia’s monetary policy framework, carrying significant implications for the country's macroeconomic stability and development trajectory. This paper investigates the rationale behind the policy shift, its anticipated economic impacts, and potential future pathways for Ethiopia. Through a systematic review of the literature and comparative analysis of case studies from other countries, the study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the benefits, risks, and strategic considerations associated with the move to a floating exchange rate. While the reform offers promising prospects for greater economic autonomy, enhanced trade competitiveness, and market-driven growth, it also introduces considerable challenges, including inflationary pressures, socioeconomic inequality, and political uncertainty. To fully leverage the potential of this transition, Ethiopia must prioritize sound policy management, institutional strengthening, and structural economic reforms. These measures are critical to mitigating the inherent risks of exchange rate liberalization and to ensuring that the country achieves long-term macroeconomic stability, inclusive growth, and sustained structural transformation.

  pp. 46-61 Abstract views:1264 Downloads:716