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• Open Access Article

  17 Pages Download PDF: Innovating for a Greener Future: Assessing the Impact of Renewable Energy, Resource Efficiency, and Technology on CO₂ Emission Reduction

  Innovating for a Greener Future: Assessing the Impact of Renewable Energy, Resource Efficiency, and Technology on CO₂ Emission Reduction

  Mahnaz Muhammad Ali, Rehana Kousar, Mahrukh Ruba, Samar Abbas, Qurat Ul Ain

  2025-12-30 https://doi.org/10.36923/jcmi.v6i2.675

  This paper explores how CO2 is emitted in 30 developing Asian economies. Such countries differ in terms of income levels, such as low, middle, and high income, and the years between 1990 and 2022 are included in the study. It employs a powerful econometric model in which both the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is used to overcome dynamic endogeneity and Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) is used to overcome potential reverse causality. This integrated methodology serves well to investigate the impacts of renewable energy use, the availability of natural resources, and technological innovation on the level of emissions. These findings of the study demonstrate a complex dynamic. There is presently a positive relationship between technological innovation and the rise in emissions, which can be attributed to the fact that technology is used to streamline the industrialization process that uses fossil fuels on a large scale. On the contrary, renewable energy and natural resources also contribute to the decrease in CO2 emissions. One of the biggest revelations is that production-oriented industrialization, particularly after China's entry into the WTO in 2001, has contributed greatly to the growth in global emissions. Since, in most cases, the area lacks powerful and effective environmental laws, this study emphasizes the necessity of modifications in policy. Steps such as promoting green innovation technology and introducing a price on carbon are crucial to uncoupling economic growth and emissions and creating an efficient global climate policy.

  pp. 94-110 Abstract views:4156 Downloads:80

• Open Access Article

  15 Pages Download PDF: Workers’ Remittances and Socio-Economic Well-Being in Top Ten Remittances Receiving Developing Countries: The Role of Financial Development

  Workers’ Remittances and Socio-Economic Well-Being in Top Ten Remittances Receiving Developing Countries: The Role of Financial Development

  Mahnaz Muhammad Ali, Rozina Sadiq, Muhammad Javed

  2024-06-14 https://doi.org/10.36923/jcmi.v5i1.570

  The present study contributes empirical evidence to the impact of remittances on the socio-economic well-being of recipient nations, particularly through the enhancement of their Human Development Index (HDI) rankings. Utilizing a panel dataset comprising the top ten remittance-receiving countries over the period from 1990 to 2020, the research endeavors to offer a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between remittance inflows and HDI metrics. This investigation delves into the nuanced dimensions of HDI, namely health, education, and income per capita, to discern the specific effects of remittances on each component. The study employs the generalized method of moments (GMM) technique to mitigate potential endogeneity concerns inherent in the relationship between remittances and financial development. The findings of this empirical inquiry suggest that remittances wield a discernible influence on augmenting human well-being, particularly by fostering improvements in health and education outcomes. Additionally, the study identifies a constructive role for financial development in bolstering HDI indicators. In light of these findings, it is recommended that policymakers formulate tailored strategies aimed at facilitating remittance flows, thereby affording migrants enhanced access to robust financial systems.

  pp. 1-15 Abstract views:359 Downloads:99

• Open Access Article

  18 Pages Download PDF: Analyzing the Influence of Post-2018 Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Indicators on Banking Sector Profitability: Evidence from Pakistan

  Analyzing the Influence of Post-2018 Macroeconomic and Bank-Specific Indicators on Banking Sector Profitability: Evidence from Pakistan

  Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Munir Ahmad, Naeem Raza, Muhammad Tayyeb Hafeez

  2025-06-27 https://doi.org/10.36923/jcmi.v6i1.643

  This study examines the impact of macroeconomic and bank-specific indicators on the profitability of Pakistan’s banking sector, focusing on the volatile post-2018 period. Using return on assets (ROA) as the performance metric, it analyzes data from 20 commercial banks between 2018 and 2023. Panel data regression, conducted via Gretl software, reveals that these internal factors—Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Spread Ratio (SR), and Earnings per Share (EPS)—positively and significantly influence ROA, while Firm Size (SZ) has a significant negative effect. In contrast, macroeconomic indicators like Exchange Rate (EXR), GDP, and Policy Rate (POLR) show insignificant negative relationships, and Inflation (INF), Foreign Exchange Reserves (FXRV), and Cash Equivalents (CEQU) have insignificant positive effects. These findings highlight that bank-level factors play a more critical role than external economic conditions in determining profitability. The study recommends that bank managers focus on operational efficiency and

  pp. 119-136 Abstract views:216 Downloads:118